Il testimone è ufficialmente passato da Parigi a Marrakech. La ventiduesima Conferenza Onu sul clima (Cop22) apre i battenti oggi, 7 novembre. Parola d'ordine: agire.
Patricia Espinosa - Segretaria UNFCCC
Per
Patricia Espinosa, Segretaria UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change), "Marrakech darà l'opportunità anche ai paesi in via di sviluppo di presentare la
road map per il raggiungimento dello scopo. Ma sarà anche un gigantesco contenitore di tutte le iniziative pubbliche e private utili per incrementare la battaglia contro il riscaldamento climatico".
A Marrakech la strategia attuativa diventa passaggio obbligato per i 159 paesi che hanno ratificato l'accordo di Parigi e che si sono impegnati a raggiungere l'obiettivo primario: limitare il surriscaldamento globale entro la soglia dei 2°C.
Dal summit in Marocco dovrà uscire un percorso chiaro per lo stanziamento di 100 miliardi di dollari l'anno, fino al 2010, a sostegno dell'azione climatica nei paesi in via di sviluppo.
Questione molto complessa saranno i risarcimenti ai paesi colpiti dagli effetti del cambiamento climatico. Nel 2013 alla Cop19 di Varsavia era stato creato il WIM, un meccanismo per valutare perdite e danni del riscaldamento globale. Il WIM è stato inserito nell'Accordo di Parigi, ma Usa e Ue hanno impedito che potesse costringere gli stati ricchi a pagare.
Nelle ultime settimane l'Onu è riuscito a mediare accordi per la riduzione delle emissioni nei trasporti aerei e marittimi e per la messa al bando degli idrofluorocarburi (HFC) dei refrigeratori. Accordi in genere al ribasso, che fanno presagire le difficoltà che si incontreranno per attuare l'Accordo di Parigi. Su questo fra l'altro grava un'altra incognita: l'elezione a presidente degli Stati Uniti di Donald Trump, che potrebbe portare il paese fuori dall'intesa.
ANSA/Dek
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