Le differenze regionali di radioattività naturale (nel terreno e cosmica) potrebbero spiegare le variazioni del rischio di cancro nei bambini, secondo uno studio dell’Istituto di medicina sociale e preventiva di Berna. Anche delle dosi relativamente basse sembrano favorire l’insorgere della malattia.
In Svizzera, circa 200 tra bambini e giovani di meno di 16 anni contraggono ogni anno un tumore, nella maggior parte dei casi una leucemia (30%) o un tumore al cervello (20%). Una delle cause più conosciute di queste due patologie sono le radiazioni ionizzanti.
La carta della radioattività naturale in Svizzera (valori medi del 24.02.2015)
Confrontando i dati raccolti su più di 2 milioni di ragazzi dal 1990 al 2000 con le carte della radioattività naturale, è emerso che circa l’1% di loro, in Svizzera, sono esposti a una dose media di radiazioni di più di 200 nanosievert all’ora (nSv/h). In questo gruppo sono stati riscontrati 8 tumori cerebrali e 11 leucemie, il doppio rispetto a quelli osservati nei giovani che vivono in luoghi con radioattività naturale più bassa.
ats/ZZ
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