Rayhan viene dal Bangladesh e appartiene al popolo Bede. I cosiddetti "nomadi dei fiumi". Vivono su barche, zattere e palafitte lungo i corsi d'acqua. Si cibano di pesci, uccelli e di quello che riescono a guadagnare facendo gli incantatori di serpenti. Una popolazione emarginata in patria, che di rado accede all'istruzione e alla sanità. E che, da qualche tempo, deve fare i conti anche con il cambiamento climatico. Continue siccità e sempre più numerosi eventi estremi, come piene e inondazioni, stanno mettendo a repentaglio la sopravvivenza di questa secolare cultura.
Il fiume Padma e i Bede, il suo popolo nomade
Rayhan è tra coloro che hanno deciso di andarsene. È sbarcato in Italia, a Lampedusa, dopo un'odissea che lo ha visto transitare in Libia e in Tunisia. Ora vive in un centro d'accoglienza a Bologna, come richiedente l'asilo. A rappresentarlo è l'avvocata Alba Ferretti, che nel 2015 aveva patrocinato anche il pakistano Rachid, primo in Italia ad ottenere una protezione umanitaria per motivi legati all'ambiente.
Un recente pronunciamento della Corte di Cassazione di Roma ha decretato che anche chi migra per disastri ambientali ha diritto a una protezione in Italia.
Gilberto Mastromatteo
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