La formula per un'ottima produzione di sciroppo d'acero si potrebbe riassumere in questo modo: un equilibrio fra freddo e caldo. Infatti, affinché la linfa zuccherina sia di buona qualità e possa essere estratta sono necessarie notti gelate e giornate soleggiate.
Ce lo racconta Julie Boulin, proprietaria sull'Ile d'Orléans in Canada, polmone agricolo del Québec, di una tipica cabanne à sucre, il luogo dove viene prodotto questo dolce liquido ambrato. Un equilibrio però minacciato dai cambiamenti climatici.
Studi recenti hanno evidenziato che a causa delle temperature più alte, la sua estrazione viene anticipata di circa due settimane. Solitamente avveniva in marzo. Inoltre le piogge acide minacciano la salute delle piante.
Sull'Ile d'Orléans, vi sono vaste coltivazioni
In Québec la sua produzione risulta un'attività economica importante: vi sono 13'500 produttori e oltre il 90% dello sciroppo d’acero canadese viene raccolto qui. Il Canada è anche il principale esportatore e i maggiori acquirenti sono Stati Uniti, Germania e Giappone.
La questione climatica, come avviene trasversalmente in tutti i paesi, è stata anche al centro delle recentissime elezioni federali. Il Canada - sotto Justin Trudeau - ha optato per il compromesso climatico: salvaguardia dell'ambiente e crescita economica, puntando sullo sfruttamento delle enormi risorse petrolifere presenti sul territorio.
Per ora la produzione dello sciroppo d'acero in Canada è garantita, ma quando la stagione del raccolto si avvicina chi lavora in questo settore osserva con attenzione le previsioni meteorologiche, nella speranza che gli equilibri secolari costruiti dalla natura non vengano spezzati dall'uomo.
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