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Il 10 dicembre 1948, per la prima volta nella storia, la comunità internazionale si è assunta la responsabilità della tutela e della promozione di specifici diritti, posti alla base di ogni convivenza. È nata, quindi, 69 anni fa a Parigi, con l’impegno dell'Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite la Dichiarazione universale dei diritti dell'uomo.
"Mai più" era lo slogan in risposta all'orrore della Seconda guerra mondiale e a tutta la violenza che ha generato ai diritti dei singoli e dei popoli. "Tutti gli esseri umani nascono liberi ed eguali in dignità e diritti. Essi sono dotati di ragione e di coscienza e devono agire gli uni verso gli altri in spirito di fratellanza", recita il primo articolo della Dichiarazione.
L’intero testo abbraccia i concetti basilari di libertà ed eguaglianza (già sanciti dalla Rivoluzione francese), i diritti individuali e nei confronti della comunità. Inoltre, sancisce le cosiddette "libertà costituzionali" come ad esempio libertà di pensiero, opinione, fede e coscienza, parola, associazione pacifica; i diritti economici, sociali e culturali.
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