I cittadini svizzeri hanno deciso sostenere con il 61,9% dei voti la modifica dell’articolo costituzionale relativa alla medicina riproduttiva e all’ingegneria genetica in ambito umano. Il tema è stato accettato dalla maggioranza di popolo e cantoni.
Con questa decisione, di fatto, è stata accettata la possibilità di sottoporre a esame genetico gli embrioni generati artificialmente, prima che vengano impiantanti nell’utero, per individuare la presenza di malattie o alterazioni cromosomiche. Il nuovo articolo costituzionale posto in consultazione permette di autorizzare questo esame denominato “diagnosi preimpianto”.
Il progetto in dettaglio
In Svizzera ogni anno nascono quasi 80'000 bambini, circa 2'000 dei quali grazie alla fecondazione artificiale. I medici possono eseguire la cosiddetta fecondazione in vitro solo per le coppie che non possono avere figli in modo naturale o per quelle portatrici di gravi malattie ereditarie. Nella Confederazione è attualmente vietato sottoporre a una diagnosi preimpianto gli embrioni concepiti mediante fecondazione artificiale. Molte coppie decidono quindi di recarsi all’estero, ad esempio in Spagna, nei Paesi Bassi o in Belgio, per ricorrere a una diagnosi preventiva di questo tipo.
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