Undici grandi banche statunitensi hanno accettato giovedì di versare un totale di 30 miliardi di dollari a First Republic, quattordicesimo istituto per importanza nel Paese con 212 miliardi di dollari di attivi, sotto pressione dopo le disavventure successive di Silicon Valley Bank, Signature Bank e Silvergate. Queste ultime avevano puntato tutto su settori particolari (il mondo tech per la prima, le criptovalute per le altre due), First Republic è specializzata a sua volta in una clientela benestante sulle due coste, tanto che il 68% del denaro depositato è su conti con importi superiori ai 250'000 dollari del limite garantito.
Banche, il rischio rimane
Telegiornale 13.03.2023, 20:00
Gli analisti temevano una fuga di capitali verso lidi più grandi e sicuri e in una settimana il titolo di First Republic - fondata nel 1985 e con sede a San Francisco - ha perso il 73% del suo valore a Wall Street. Nell'effetto domino della crisi era indicata come la prossima tessera pronta a cadere.
Bank of America, Citigroup, JP Morgan Chase e Wells Fargo contribuiranno ora al salvataggio con 5 miliardi ciascuna; Goldman Sachs e Morgan Stanley con 2,5 e altre cinque banche con uno ciascuno. I fondi vanno ad aggiungersi a 70 miliardi già a disposizione da alcuni giorni grazie alla disponibilità della banca centrale. Le agenzie di rating S&P e Fitch avevano giudicato l'intervento della Federal Reserve (FED) insufficiente, tanto da declassare il debito dell'istituto nella categoria degli "investimenti speculativi".
I miliardi della FED per sostenere il settore finanziario
La Federal Reserve ha comunicato di aver prestato da domenica 12 miliardi di dollari alle banche statunitensi nel quadro del nuovo dispositivo creato dopo il fallimento di SVB, così da permettere loro di onorare le pretese di ritiro di contanti da parte dei loro clienti. Attraverso il programma abituale di prestiti a corto termine sono inoltre stati concessi 152 miliardi in una settimana (a fronte dei 5 di quella precedente). Infine, 142,8 miliardi sono stati versati alle due entità create per succedere a Silicon Valley Bank e Signature Bank.
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