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Un gruppo di ricercatori dell'Università di Berkeley in California ha pubblicato sulla rivista Nature Chemical Biology una tecnica per trasformare i batteri in fabbriche di morfina. I microrganismi, geneticamente modificati, tramutano lo zucchero in un precursore dei farmaci oppiacei.
Il procedimento, simile alla produzione delle birre artigianali, potrebbe rivoluzionare la produzione dei farmaci: non solo morfina, ma anche antibiotici e antitumorali. Tuttavia gli esperti lanciano un allarme sulla possibilità di creare droghe in casa usando lieviti.
Modificando un comune lievito, il Saccharomyces cerevisiae, i ricercatori californiani sono riusciti per la prima volta a sintetizzare molecole molto difficili da produrre, come la benzilisochinolina, "scheletro" di morfina, codeina e una grande varietà di farmaci. Con questo metodo è possibile produrre la base di queste molecole semplicemente alimentando i lieviti con degli zuccheri.
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