L’Ebola viene scoperta nel 1976 in Congo. Il virus prende il nome dalla valle africana in cui per la prima volta si verificò un’epidemia. Il tasso di mortalità per chi contrae la febbre emorragica è molto alto, può raggiungere il 90%.
La trasmissione tra essere umani può avvenire in diversi modi: contatto con cute non integra o mucose o con liquidi corporei, aghi e siringhe infette. Non esistono vaccini in commercio. Per le persone che si sono ammalate negli ultimi mesi è però stato usato un siero, lo ZMapp che in alcuni casi ha avuto riscontri positivi.
07.10.2014: Ebola, come si trasmette?
RSI Telegiornale 08.10.2014, 17:30
Il recente focolaio epidemico è iniziato in febbraio in Africa occidentale, i paesi più colpiti sono Guinea, Liberia e Sierra Leone. Il virus si è propagato velocemente. Il 30 settembre, gli Stati Uniti annunciano il primo caso diagnosticato sul loro suolo. Il 6 ottobre, un altro caso viene invece segnalato in Spagna, il primo contagio al di fuori dell'Africa: un'infermiera spagnola che aveva curato un missionario rimpatriato.
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