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I ricercatori del Politecnico di Zurigo e dell'Istituto federale di ricerca sulla foresta, la neve e il paesaggio (WSL) hanno sviluppato un sistema di allarme precoce per le colate detritiche basato su sensori sismici alimentati dall'intelligenza artificiale. Il dispositivo è stato testato con successo nell'Illgraben (VS).
Quando le colate di detriti - una miscela di acqua, fango e pietre - scorrono lungo un pendio, di solito rimane poco tempo per dare l'allarme. L’intenzione dei ricercatori era quindi quella di sviluppare un dispositivo che fosse più efficace dei sistemi attuali.
Il team si è affidato a sensori solitamente utilizzati per i terremoti, che rilevano in modo affidabile le vibrazioni causate da flussi di detriti a diversi chilometri di distanza. I risultati: tutte le 13 colate detritiche e le piene minori del 2020 nella valle vallesana sono state rilevate in modo affidabile e non è stato generato nessun falso allarme. Il margine di allerta è stato ampliato di 20 minuti. “È un miglioramento enorme", ha spiegato Fabian Walter, professore al Politecnico di Zurigo, citato in un comunicato stampa.
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